Moldova Phone Numbers: Format, Area Code & Validation Guide

This guide provides a detailed overview of Moldova's phone numbering system, including number formats, special service codes, portability, the regulatory landscape, and key market players. This information is crucial for developers building applications that interact with Moldovan phone numbers, ensuring accurate validation, efficient routing, and compliance with local regulations.

Number Formats and Structure

Moldova follows the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) E.164 standard, using the country code +373. A complete Moldovan phone number consists of the country code, a National Destination Code (NDC), and the subscriber number. The NDC indicates the type of service (mobile, fixed, special service) and sometimes the geographic region.

• Country Code: +373
• NDC: Variable length (2-3 digits)
• Subscriber Number: Variable length (5-7 digits)

Example: +373 69 XXX XXXX (Mobile)

Here's a breakdown of common NDC allocations:

• 2X, 3X, 5XX: Geographic numbers for fixed lines, indicating specific regions.
• 6X, 7X: Mobile services. Specific ranges are allocated to different mobile operators.
• 8XX: Special services (detailed in the next section).
• 90X: Premium-rate services.

It's important to note that the "0" prefix used for domestic dialing within Moldova should be omitted when formatting numbers internationally. Always use the +373 country code for international calls and applications.

Special Service Numbers

Moldova utilizes specific number ranges for special services, each with its own format and purpose:

• Toll-Free (800 XXXXX): These numbers allow users to call free of charge. Common uses include customer service, hotlines, and public information services. Validation Regex: ^800[0-9]{5}$

• Premium Rate (90[056]XXXXX): These numbers provide value-added services with higher charges. They are often used for entertainment, information lines, and voting systems. Validation Regex: ^90[056][0-9]{5}$

• Shared Cost (808 XXXXX): The cost of these calls is shared between the caller and the service provider. This model is often used for services with a reduced barrier to access. Validation Regex: ^808[0-9]{5}$

• Short Codes (1XXX): These short numbers provide access to various services, including emergency services (112), directory inquiries (118X), and other general interest services.

Best Practice: When working with special service numbers, consult the latest allocation rules from the National Regulatory Agency for Electronic Communications and Information Technology (ANRCETI) to ensure compliance.

Number Portability

Moldova implemented number portability in 2013, allowing users to switch providers while keeping their existing numbers. This has fostered competition and improved service offerings. Key features include:

• Carrier-Neutral Portability: Users can port numbers between any providers.
• Zero-Cost Transfers: Porting is typically free of charge.
• Fast Processing: Porting usually completes within 24 hours.
• High Success Rate: Moldova boasts a high success rate for number porting.

The portare.md platform provides a web-based system for managing number portability requests and tracking their status.

Regulatory Landscape and Market Overview

ANRCETI is the primary regulatory authority for electronic communications and information technology in Moldova. They are responsible for:

• Numbering Resource Management: Allocating and managing number blocks, ensuring efficient utilization and compliance with international standards.
• Market Regulation: Promoting competition, protecting consumer rights, and enforcing regulations.
• Licensing and Authorization: Issuing licenses for telecommunications services and managing spectrum allocation.

Moldova's telecommunications market has seen significant growth and modernization, driven by increasing demand for mobile and internet services. Key market players include:

• Moldtelecom: The incumbent operator with a significant market share and extensive infrastructure.
• Orange Moldova: A major mobile operator focusing on innovation and 4G/5G coverage.
• Moldcell: A strong competitor offering competitive pricing and digital services.
• Unite: A smaller operator focusing on niche markets and specialized solutions.

Golden Numbers

ANRCETI manages a "Golden Numbers" program for premium numbers with desirable patterns or sequences. These numbers are often allocated through public auctions or direct allocation to VIP clients. Pricing varies based on the desirability of the number sequence.

Number Validation in Code

Here's an example of a JavaScript function to validate Moldovan phone numbers, including special service numbers:

function validateMoldovanNumber(number, type) {
    // Remove any non-digit characters
    const cleanedNumber = number.replace(/\D/g, '');

    const patterns = {
        general: /^373[235-9]\d{7}$/, // General Moldovan number format
        tollFree: /^373800\d{5}$/,
        premiumRate: /^37390[056]\d{5}$/,
        sharedCost: /^373808\d{5}$/,
        mobile: /^373[67]\d{7}$/
    };

    if (type && patterns[type]) {
        return patterns[type].test(cleanedNumber);
    }

    return patterns.general.test(cleanedNumber); // Default to general validation
}


// Example usage:
console.log(validateMoldovanNumber('+373 69 123 456', 'mobile')); // true
console.log(validateMoldovanNumber('37380012345', 'tollFree')); // true
console.log(validateMoldovanNumber('37322123456')); // true (general validation)
console.log(validateMoldovanNumber('+1-555-123-4567')); // false

Key Considerations:

• Fraud Prevention: ANRCETI has reported a significant increase in fraudulent calls. Developers should consider implementing fraud detection and prevention measures in their applications.
• Data Accuracy: Always verify number ownership and accuracy before relying on phone numbers for critical functionalities.
• Compliance: Stay updated on ANRCETI's regulations and guidelines to ensure ongoing compliance.

By understanding the intricacies of Moldova's phone numbering system, developers can create robust and reliable applications that cater to the specific needs of the Moldovan market. Remember to consult the official ANRCETI documentation for the most up-to-date information and regulations.